UK inflation proves to be stubborn as core CPI rises in April, GBP/USD takes advantage
Market pricing has tipped in favour of ‘no rate cut’ at the upcoming Bank of England (BoE) assigning a 50/50 chance of a rate cut in June before the CPI release according to data from Reuters. The probability of a cut has now dropped to 15%. It’s not that the data was bad, it just wasn’t as good as expected. As often happens, the initial reaction is driven by how the actual reading correlates to expectations, and in this case, inflation didn’t drop as much as hoped.
Consumer prices grew 2.3% in the year to April, a significant drop from the 3.2% in March, but not as low as the 2.1% anticipated. The month-on-month rate dropped from 0.6% to 0.3%. It is core inflation – which excludes volatile prices like energy and food – that has been closely monitored in recent months and could explain the hawkish reaction in markets. The monthly rise in core prices was not only higher than expected but also higher than the previous month, which can be seen as a serious concern for the BoE. YoY core CPI has dropped from 4.2% to 3.9%, above expectations of 3.6%.
UK inflation data for April
| Indicator Name | Period | Reuters Poll | Actual | Surprise | Prior |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core CPI MM | Apr | 0.7% | 0.9% | 0.20% | 0.6% |
| Core CPI YY | Apr | 3.6% | 3.9% | 0.30% | 4.2% |
| CPI MM | Apr | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.10% | 0.6% |
| CPI YY | Apr | 2.1% | 2.3% | 0.20% | 3.2% |
The stronger data, specifically the stubbornness in core CPI, is making it harder for markets to believe the BoE can cut rates in June, or even during the summer. The first fully-price-in 25bps rate cut is now in November, with a 60/40 chance of a cut in September. These are likely to continue evolving over the coming days as markets fully digest the meaning of the data but it’s unlikely that the June meeting is a real contender for a rate cut any more. But we will have to wait for commentary from BoE officials to see how they factor the latest inflation data into their forecasts.
For markets, the stronger CPI reading has favoured the pound and weighed on the FTSE 100 as expected. As currency pairs continue to be driven by rate differentials, the pushback in rate cut expectations has levelled the BoE to the Federal Reserve with regards to timing, which has allowed GBP/USD to break above recent short-term resistance and cover some further ground. The bullish momentum looks to be strong with the path of least resistance pointing higher, but traders should be aware of overbought conditions creeping up, with the RSI nearing the 70 mark, which has been an area of reversal for the past six months. The 1.28 mark likely remains a key focus for buyers over the coming days, but there seems to be a fair amount of resistance along the way.
GBP/USD daily chart
(Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results)